King Philip IV of France
Other names for Philip were Philip the Fair and Philip IV Capet. General Notes: Philip IV, called "Le Bel" (1268-1314), king of France, began to reign in 1285. Like Philip Augustus he was resourceful and unscrupulous. For some years he was engaged in a quarrel with Boniface VIII. After an uneasy truce, the quarrel burst out again in 1300, Boniface issuing the bull Unam Sanctam, in which he reasserted his authority. Philip, supported by the States-general, in 1302 resisted the Pope, who was imprisoned for a few days at Anagni in S. Italy. On the election of Benedict XI the cardinals divided into two factions, French and Italian; and in 1305 the former triumphed in the accession of Clement V, who in 1309 fixed his residence at Avignon, where the popes remained for some seventy years. Clement supported Philip in his suppression of the Knights Templars (1307-12). Philip strengthened the royal authority, checked feudalism, supported the middle classes, and first summoned the States-general. He also increased the power and duties of the Parliament of Paris, and effected important changes with regard to the king’s council. [The Home University Encyclopedia, 1946] Noted events in his life were: • Title: King of Navarre, 1284-1304. (joint reign, Philip I) • Title: King of France, 1285-1314. Philip married Queen Jeanne I of Navarre, daughter of King Henry I of Navarre and Blanche de Artois, on 16 Aug 1284 in Paris, Île-de-France, France 713.,764 (Queen Jeanne I of Navarre was born in Jan 1272,713 died on 2 Apr 1305 in Château de Vincennes, Île-de-France, France 713 and was buried in 1305 in Paris, Île-de-France, France 713.) |